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Lanthanum Hydroxide (La(OH)₃) is a white, fine-powdered compound valued for its strong basicity, high specific surface area, and role in environmental and catalytic applications. With a CAS number of 14507-19-8 and a molecular weight of 189.92 g/mol, this compound offers purity levels of 99.9%-99.99% (4N), featuring a decomposition temperature of 450°C (to La₂O₃) and excellent affinity for anionic pollutants. Its unique combination of chemical reactivity and thermal stability makes it indispensable in water purification and heterogeneous catalysis.
1. High Basic Strength: Surface hydroxyl groups (pH ~12 in suspension) enable efficient adsorption of phosphate, arsenate, and fluoride ions in aqueous systems.
2. Large Surface Area: Microporous structure provides BET surface areas of 50-100 m²/g, maximizing active sites for catalytic reactions and ion exchange.
3. Thermal Reversibility: Decomposes to La₂O₃ at 450°C and can be rehydrated under steam to regenerate hydroxide, supporting cyclic use in industrial processes.
4. Low Impurity Profile: Strict control of alkali metals (Na, K <5 ppm) and transition metals (Fe, Cu <2 ppm) ensures high selectivity in both environmental and chemical applications.
5. Colloidal Stability: Available in nanoscale (20-50 nm) and micron-scale (1-5 μm) grades, enabling dispersion in both aqueous and organic solvents without agglomeration.
• Water Purification: Used in municipal and industrial treatment plants to remove phosphate from wastewater, achieving effluent concentrations <0.1 mg/L to comply with discharge regulations.
• Catalyst Supports: Supports for noble metal catalysts (Pt, Pd) in hydrogenation reactions, enhancing metal dispersion and preventing sintering at high temperatures (up to 600°C).
• Polymer Additives: Acts as a thermal stabilizer in PVC processing, neutralizing HCl degradation products to extend service life of plastic pipes and cables.
• Fuel Cells: Doped into proton exchange membranes to improve conductivity under low-humidity conditions, critical for automotive fuel cell performance.
• Research & Development: Serves as a precursor for lanthanum-doped strontium titanate (LST) perovskites, studied for their oxygen reduction activity in electrochemical devices.
Q: What is the mechanism for phosphate removal by Lanthanum Hydroxide?
A: It forms insoluble lanthanum phosphate (LaPO₄) through ligand exchange, with a binding energy of -45 kJ/mol for phosphate ions.
Q: Can it be used in high-temperature gas cleaning?
A: Yes, as a sorbent for sulfur oxides in flue gas desulfurization, reacting with SO₂ to form stable lanthanum sulfite under oxidizing conditions.
Q: How does particle size affect adsorption capacity?
A: Nanoscale particles offer higher surface area for rapid ion exchange, while micron-scale particles are preferred for packed-bed reactors to reduce pressure drop.
Q: Is there a risk of lanthanum leaching into treated water?
A: Negligible, as the solubility product (Ksp) of La(OH)₃ is 1.6×10⁻¹⁹, ensuring La³+ concentrations <1 ppb in neutral pH systems.
Q: Can it be applied in food-grade water treatment?
A: Yes, 4N-grade products meet NSF/ANSI 60 standards for drinking water additives, with rigorous testing for heavy metal impurities.
Lanthanum Hydroxide (La(OH)₃) is a white, fine-powdered compound valued for its strong basicity, high specific surface area, and role in environmental and catalytic applications. With a CAS number of 14507-19-8 and a molecular weight of 189.92 g/mol, this compound offers purity levels of 99.9%-99.99% (4N), featuring a decomposition temperature of 450°C (to La₂O₃) and excellent affinity for anionic pollutants. Its unique combination of chemical reactivity and thermal stability makes it indispensable in water purification and heterogeneous catalysis.
1. High Basic Strength: Surface hydroxyl groups (pH ~12 in suspension) enable efficient adsorption of phosphate, arsenate, and fluoride ions in aqueous systems.
2. Large Surface Area: Microporous structure provides BET surface areas of 50-100 m²/g, maximizing active sites for catalytic reactions and ion exchange.
3. Thermal Reversibility: Decomposes to La₂O₃ at 450°C and can be rehydrated under steam to regenerate hydroxide, supporting cyclic use in industrial processes.
4. Low Impurity Profile: Strict control of alkali metals (Na, K <5 ppm) and transition metals (Fe, Cu <2 ppm) ensures high selectivity in both environmental and chemical applications.
5. Colloidal Stability: Available in nanoscale (20-50 nm) and micron-scale (1-5 μm) grades, enabling dispersion in both aqueous and organic solvents without agglomeration.
• Water Purification: Used in municipal and industrial treatment plants to remove phosphate from wastewater, achieving effluent concentrations <0.1 mg/L to comply with discharge regulations.
• Catalyst Supports: Supports for noble metal catalysts (Pt, Pd) in hydrogenation reactions, enhancing metal dispersion and preventing sintering at high temperatures (up to 600°C).
• Polymer Additives: Acts as a thermal stabilizer in PVC processing, neutralizing HCl degradation products to extend service life of plastic pipes and cables.
• Fuel Cells: Doped into proton exchange membranes to improve conductivity under low-humidity conditions, critical for automotive fuel cell performance.
• Research & Development: Serves as a precursor for lanthanum-doped strontium titanate (LST) perovskites, studied for their oxygen reduction activity in electrochemical devices.
Q: What is the mechanism for phosphate removal by Lanthanum Hydroxide?
A: It forms insoluble lanthanum phosphate (LaPO₄) through ligand exchange, with a binding energy of -45 kJ/mol for phosphate ions.
Q: Can it be used in high-temperature gas cleaning?
A: Yes, as a sorbent for sulfur oxides in flue gas desulfurization, reacting with SO₂ to form stable lanthanum sulfite under oxidizing conditions.
Q: How does particle size affect adsorption capacity?
A: Nanoscale particles offer higher surface area for rapid ion exchange, while micron-scale particles are preferred for packed-bed reactors to reduce pressure drop.
Q: Is there a risk of lanthanum leaching into treated water?
A: Negligible, as the solubility product (Ksp) of La(OH)₃ is 1.6×10⁻¹⁹, ensuring La³+ concentrations <1 ppb in neutral pH systems.
Q: Can it be applied in food-grade water treatment?
A: Yes, 4N-grade products meet NSF/ANSI 60 standards for drinking water additives, with rigorous testing for heavy metal impurities.
